Fetal growth restriction in smoking mothers

• Larisa G. Kiseleva
• Chumakova G.N.
• Solovyov A.G.
• Kharkova O.A.
• Anastasiia S. Gryzunova
• Makarova A.A.

Abstract

Objective. To determine the characteristics of the perinatal history of infants with intrauterine growth restriction in smoking mothers.

Study design. 291 term infants of smoking mothers were included. 112 infants with intrauterine growth restriction were compared to 179 infants with average anthropometric parameters.

Results. There were statistically significant differences between two groups at the study. The factors significantly associated with intrauterine growth restriction are the combination mother's active and passive smoking in pregnancy (p<0.001), placental insufficiency (p<0.001), oligohydramnios (p<0.001), moderate degree mother's tobacco dependence (p=0.001) and male gender (p=0.037). In the early neonatal period in infants with intrauterine growth restriction was more common pathological hypoglycemia (p<0.001), a decrease of body weight (p=0.027), higher red blood counts (p<0.001) then in controls.

Conclusion. The prevalence of intrauterine growth in term infants of tobacco smoking mothers is 38.5% (95% CI: 33,0-44,2). The factors associated with intrauterine growth restriction are the combination mother's active and passive smoking in pregnancy, placental insufficiency, oligohydramnios, moderate degree mother's tobacco dependence and male child. There was more common pathological hypoglycemia, a decrease of body weight, higher red blood counts in infants with intrauterine growth restriction then in controls in the early neonatal period.

Keywords:intrauterine growth restriction, newborn, smoking

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